Abstract 1: Lidia Gebrewolde, Tien Phan, Koya Chan, and Benjamin J. McFarland. "Size-Exclusion Chromatography of Five Recombinant Siderocalin Orthologs with High and Low Expression Yields". Siderocalins are lipocalin-family proteins involved in innate immunity through binding iron-loaded bacterial siderophores. In this study, recombinant siderocalin orthologs were expressed in E. coli and purified using GST-affinity chromatography. Protein behavior was analyzed using fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) size-exclusion chromatography. Most proteins showed a single dominant peak, consistent with a stable folded form, while some showed additional or shifted peaks, suggesting multiple solution-state forms. These differences were consistent across purifications, indicating sequence-dependent variation in folding and stability.

Abstract 2: Koya Chan, Lidia Gebrewolde, Nha Tien Phan, and Benjamin J McFarland. "Comparing Orange Human Siderocalin to a Guinea Pig Homolog that Binds Pink or Blue Chromophores". 3A-CP is a siderocalin protein found in guinea pigs. Human siderocalin has been found to bind iron, leading to orange samples (Goetz et al., 2002), which we have replicated. We also made a guinea pig homolog, 3A-CP, four times over three years. Three samples were pink and one sample was blue, possibly indicating differences in ligand binding between samples. A homology model of 3A-CP was compared to the crystal structure of human siderocalin, and the expressed proteins were compared by fast protein liquid chromatography, giving evidence of the size and solubility of different samples.

Abstract 3: Tien Phan, Lidia Gebrewolde, Koya Chan, and Dr. McFarland. "Using Liquid Chromatography and Electrostatic Surface Modeling to Interpret Differences in Quaternary Structure Among Siderocalins". Siderocalins are lipocalin-family proteins that help bind iron-loaded bacterial siderophores. This study compared three GST-tagged siderocalin constructs: 3F-AJ from fruit bat, 3A-SG from giant pangolin, and 3F-BK from water buffalo. All proteins were expressed in E. coli in 2025, purified by glutathione affinity chromatography, and analyzed mainly by FPLC using the same method to compare early- and late-elution patterns. Earlier GST fractions eluted sooner as larger protein forms, while later fractions eluted later as smaller forms. These results indicate that each construct may exist in multiple quaternary states. Sequence and electrostatic differences may help explain their different chromatography behavior.

Abstract 4: Christina Valdez, Alice Long and Justine Calise. "Exploration of Potential Modulators of Stable KLRG1+IL7Ra+ Memory T-Cells". Teplizumab, an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, delays diagnosis and progression of type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, high levels of a subset of CD8+T-cells we call SKIMs (stable KLRG1+ IL7Ra+ memory cells) are associated with nonresponse. Here, we analyzed cytometry data from existing studies to determine how SKIMs change in response to various therapeutics. We designed a flow cytometry panel testing whether SKIMs are modulated by drugs targeted at MAITs, a cell population with shared markers, informing us of functional similarities. Identifying SKIM modulators will enable understanding of how SKIMs promote non-response to teplizumab, contributing to more personalized medicine for T1D.

Abstract 5: Garrett Egger and Cara Wall-Scheffler. "How observational learning affects brain and target muscle stimulation in learning exercises". Observational learning (OL) is a common method employed by humans in learning new exercises, and is the most common form of learning found in children learning to walk. Our study compares OL to simply auditory learning or visual learning through EEG and EMG measurements to compare how much brain activity and target muscle activation was achieved by each learning method during the learning of a lateral raise.

Abstract 6: Garrett Egger, Debrah Farrah Boswell and Cara Wall-Scheffler. "Familiarity Correlates to Lower Energetic Cost of Locomotion". How familiar people are with a course affects the amount of energy that they use in crossing that area.

Abstract 7: Ayaka Pier and Cara Wall-Scheffler. "Effects of Multitasking on Breathing Rate". Movement and respiration patterns exert simultaneous effects on each other; particularly, several upper-body muscles including those in the thoracic and shoulder regions are influenced by voluntary abdominal and thoracic breathing. Inhalations increase and become shallower during speech. In modern American society, regulation of breathing to speak is often performed at the same time as another ubiquitous task: walking. This study proposes that if a subject is speaking and walking at the same time, then breathing rate and thus energetic cost will increase due to the dual pressures that arise from multitasking.

Abstract 8: Silas Demmert and Eric Long. "Deer population estimate of Blakely Island in the San Juans". My project is an assessment of the deer population on Blakely Island in the San Juans for Dr. Long. I spent two weeks walking transects as laid out by Dr. Long spotting deer. From there we create a population estimate of deer for the whole island.

Abstract 9: Hannah Chang and Jenny Tenlen. "Investigation of SMRT Homologs and Potential Roles in Germ Cell Specification in Tardigrades". The Notch pathway is a highly conserved developmental pathway with multiple roles, including in germ cell development. This project investigates the potential presence and function of SMRT, a key Notch co-repressor, in tardigrades. In particular, we are interested in learning if SMRT is involved in germ cell development similar to closely related organisms like fruit flies. A potential SMRT homolog was identified using protein sequence alignments, and the effects of knocking out the gene will be observed using RNA interference. The study should provide a different perspective of Notch pathway evolution.

Abstract 10: Brittney Hartshorn and Jenny Tenlen. "Characterization of a co-regulator of gene expression in tardigrades". Germ cell development occurs through the inheritance of cellular components or cell-to-cell signaling, but its regulation remains poorly understood. CBP/p300 is a highly conserved transcriptional coactivator in model organisms such as nematodes and fruit flies, that facilitates gene expression by interacting with transcription factors and signaling pathways in embryo development and germline regulation. This study examines CBP/p300 candidates in the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris. Sequence alignments and phylogenetic construction analyses identified a conserved sequence with key functional domains found in other species. Further experiments will confirm that the predicted gene can be amplified from tardigrade DNA.

Abstract 11: Madison Rubino, Bella Lisenby, Nixie Waldher, and John Douglass. "Assessment of Hypothalamic Gliosis in Lean and Obese Mice". Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition identified by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Obesity coincides with inflammation throughout the body. We hypothesize that inflammation occurs in brain regions that maintain glucose homeostasis, specifically in the hypothalamus. We collected brains from lean and obese glucose-intolerant mice and analyzed astrocyte and microglia activation in the dorsomedial hypothalamus and arcuate nucleus by immunohistochemistry. This study lays the groundwork for further investigations into DMH activation to help clarify mechanisms underlying Type 2 diabetes.

Abstract 12: Bella Lisenby, Madison Rubino, Nixie Waldher and John Douglas. "Assessment of dorsomedial hypothalamic astrocytes and metabolic behaviors". The dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) region of the brain has been shown to be important for anticipatory feeding activity and play a role in restricting excessive food intake. In obese animals that overconsume calories, astrocytes within the DMH exhibit intracellular signaling changes indicative of cellular activation. Because astrocytes are known to influence neuronal function, we hypothesize that activated astrocytes regulate behavior. In the current study, we use chemogenetics combined with stereotaxic surgery to assess the contribution of astrocyte activity in the DMH towards metabolic behaviors.

Abstract 13: Nixie Waldher, Madison Rubino, Bella Lisenby, and John Douglass. "Chemogenetic control of mouse hippocampal astrocytes by AAV-Mediated hM3Dq Expression". Astrocytes are abundant non-neuronal cells in the brain that directly interact with neurons and are implicated in multiple physiological processes. To better understand the function of astrocytes, we utilized Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs) for selective modulation of cellular activity. Using a viral vector strategy and stereotaxic surgery in wild-type mice, we found that cell-activating DREADD hM3Dq could preferentially be expressed in hippocampal astrocytes. Peripheral administration of clozapine-N-oxide stimulated a G-protein signaling pathway, increasing GFAP expression which is indicative of astrocytic activation. Thus, chemogenetic manipulation of astrocytes is a specific and effective tool for inducing astrocytic activity.

Abstract 14: Robynne Dona and Tracie Delgado. "Gemcitabine (dFdC) shows potential as an antiviral candidate against murine gammaherpesvirus-68 (MHV-68) in vitro". Viruses cause 10-15% of cancers worldwide, including human gammaherpesviruses. Murine gammaherpesvirus-68 (MHV-68) shares significant homology with human gammaherpesviruses Epstein-Barr Virus and Kaposi’s Sarcoma Herpesvirus, and is therefore a useful model system for studying gammaherpesviruses in vitro. This study tests whether Gemcitabine, an FDA-approved nucleotide antimetabolite used to treat various cancers, can be repurposed to treat gammaherpesvirus infections. Drug safety analyses were performed to determine a safe drug concentration in NIH-3T3 cells. To assess antiviral potency, MHV-68-infected NIH-3T3 cells were treated with varying concentrations of Gemcitabine. Initial results indicate that Gemcitabine is safe and can be repurposed to treat gammaherpesvirus infections.

Abstract 15: Tina Le and Tracie Delgado. "Repurposing of Vidarabine (Ara-A) as an Antiviral Therapy Against Gammaherpesviruses". Virus infections account for 10-15% of cancer cases worldwide. Murine herpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) serves as a model for understanding how gammaherpesviruses cause cancer. Previous studies demonstrated that MHV-68 infection increases host cell nucleotide metabolism, suggesting its necessity for efficient lytic replication. This study aims to evaluate whether the FDA-approved nucleotide analog and DNA polymerase inhibitor vidarabine (Ara-A), can be repurposed as a therapeutic for gammaherpesvirus infections. Cell toxicity was assessed using a trypan exclusion assay to determine a safe, non-cytotoxic dose and antiviral potency was evaluated by plaque assay across a range of Ara-A concentrations, revealing strong antiviral activity.

Abstract 16: Madelyn Cooke and Tracie Delgado. "Determining Fenofibrate’s efficacy as an antiviral therapeutic against murine gammaherpesvirus-68". Gammaherpesviruses, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s Sarcoma virus (KSHV), are oncogenic viruses. Gammaherpesviruses hijack host cell metabolic machinery in order to replicate. Murine gammaherpesvirus (MHV-68), is genetically homologous to EBV and KSHV, and can therefore be used as a model system to identify potential gammaherpesvirus antiviral therapies. Previous findings in our lab have determined host cell lipid metabolism is altered in MHV-68 infected host NIH 3T3 cells. Fenofibrate is an FDA approved drug that inhibits lipid metabolism. Current project goals are to (1) identify a safe concentration of Fenofibrate on NIH3T3 cells, and (2) determine if Fenofibrate exhibits antiviral activity on MHV-68.

Abstract 17: Sennah Hong and Tracie Delgado. "From Chemotherapy to Antiviral: Repurposing Pemetrexed (PEM) to Inhibit MHV-68 Lytic Replication in NIH3T3 Cells". Murine gammaherpesvirus-68 (MHV-68) is a model system used to study how human gammaherpesviruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, drive oncogenesis. Prior studies in our lab demonstrated that MHV-68 reprograms host cell metabolism, particularly enhancing nucleotide biosynthesis. This study evaluates the antiviral potential of pemetrexed (PEM), an FDA-approved antifolate that inhibits folate-dependent nucleotide synthesis. After determining a non-cytotoxic concentration, MHV-68 infected NIH-3T3 cells were treated with PEM or solvent control. Viral production was assessed by plaque assay. These findings suggest PEM inhibits MHV-68 replication and highlights nucleotide metabolism as a potential antiviral target.

Abstract 18: Scarlett Amezcua and Tracie Delgado. "Analyzing the Efficacy of Hydroxyurea as an Antiviral Drug". Murine Herpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) is a mouse gammaherpesvirus and is used as a model system to understand how human gammaherpesviruses cause cancer. Previously, the Delgado lab found MHV-68 increases host cell nucleotide metabolism. In this study, we tested the antiviral efficacy of Hydroxyurea, an inhibitor of Ribonucleotide reductase which converts ribonucleotides into deoxyribonucleotides. We performed cell safety analysis to determine which dose of HU is safe in NIH 3T3 cells. Then, we determined viral production in the presence or absence of HU treatment using viral plaque assays. Our data shows significant reduction in viral production after the HU drug treatment, indicating HU has potential to treat gammaherpes virus infections.

Abstract 19: Sennah Hong, Lidia Gebrewolde and Tracie Delgado. "Inhibition of MHV-68 Replication by 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) via Disruption of Nucleotide Metabolism". Murine gammaherpesvirus-68 (MHV-68) is a model system for studying human gammaherpesviruses, including Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Previous research has shown that MHV-68 increases host nucleotide biosynthesis. This study evaluates the antiviral potential of 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP), an FDA-approved purine analog that disrupts nucleotide metabolism. A non-cytotoxic concentration of 6-MP was first established by light microscopy. Viral production was then quantified, with and without 6-MP treatment, using plaque assays. Results show that treatment with 6-MP reduced viral production, suggesting that disruption of nucleotide metabolism may be an effective antiviral strategy.

Abstract 20: Arlet Diaz Romero, Christina Valdez and Tracie Delgado. "Antiviral Activity of 6-Mercaptopurine against MHV-68". Murine herpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) is used as a model for studying how human viruses cause cancer. Recent metabolomics data show that MHV-68 infection increases nucleotide metabolism. In this study we examined the effects of 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) in NIH3T3 cells, a purine analog antimetabolite that is FDA-approved to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We determined a safe dosage of 6MP by performing a drug safety analysis in NIH3T3 cells. We then determined if 6-MP had antiviral activity against MHV-68 via plaque assays. Our results show that 6MP does not significantly reduce viral replication in vitro. Our findings contribute to broader research in repurposing existing drugs against oncogenic viruses.

Abstract 21: Rockwell Gillis, Nixie Waldher and Tracie Delgado. "Hydroxyurea as an Antiviral Agent against MHV-68 in NIH3T3 Fibroblasts Cells". This study utilizes hydroxyurea (HU), a ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor known to treat cancers such as chronic myeloid leukemia, as an inhibitor of murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) replication. MHV-68 is a model used to study Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi’s sarcoma virus, two human gammaherpesviruses known to cause cancer. First, we determined a safe HU dosage through cell microscopy. Second, we utilized viral plaque assays to quantitatively determine the effect of HU on MHV-68 production. HU significantly reduces viral production in vitro, highlighting HU as a potential therapeutic agent against human gammaherpesviruses, providing future directions for the development of antiviral treatments.

Abstract 22: Charlotte Halula and Tracie Delgado. "Determining the Anti-Viral Effects of Ribavirin Against MHV-68". Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) is a model system to study human oncogenic viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Our lab has previously published that MHV-68 infection increases nucleotide metabolism in infected cells. The goal of my research is to evaluate if Ribavirin, a clinically relevant nucleotide metabolism drug, exhibits anti-viral activity against MHV-68. First, a non toxic dose of Ribavirin was determined through quantitative cell count drug safety experiments using trypan blue. Next, qualitative cytopathic effect assays using light microscopy demonstrated Ribavirin has promising anti-viral effects.

Abstract 23: Robynne Dona, Tina Le and Tracie Delgado. "Hydroxyurea shows potential as a gammaherpesvirus treatment against MHV-68". Murine gammaherpesvirus-68 (MHV-68) is a good model system for studying human gammaherpesviruses such as Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi’s Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Previous studies revealed efficient MHV-68 infection requires the upregulation of nucleotide metabolism. The goal of this study was to assess whether the FDA-approved antimetabolite and ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor Hydroxyurea can be repurposed to treat gammaherpesvirus infections. Qualitative drug safety analyses were performed using light microscopy to determine a safe, non-cytotoxic concentration, and antiviral activity was assessed by plaque assay in untreated and Hydroxyurea-treated cells. Our findings indicate that Hydroxyurea has strong potential as a treatment for gammaherpesvirus infections.

Abstract 52: Cove Vandervort and Tim Nelson. "Photosynthetic activity of mesophotic green algae in the Puget Sound". Macroalgae comprises an important part of marine ecosystems; the Puget Sound is home to a variety of algae that grow at different depths, with the most depth resistant usually being crustose coralline, red algae. Green algae is most typically found closer to the surface, such as in the intertidal zone. At the sampling site, green algae is found at a variety of depths, and it is undetermined whether that be because it is growing at all depths, or if it has already died and just ended up at those depths. Samples of green algae of the genus Ulva were collected at three different depths (10, 20, and 30 meters) off Me Kwa Mooks park in West Seattle and analyzed the same day by taking measurements of photosynthetic activity via fluorometer. These measurements were graphed on curves to compare what would be expected for gross photosynthesis of each depth of algae; the curves yielded appropriate photosynthesis rates to suggest that the algae were growing at each of these three depths. This suggests deeper acclimatization potential for green algae than initially thought, and a wider range of growth for this species in the Puget Sound.

Abstract 24: Fletcher Green, Nathaniel Stirret, Fabian Hernandez-Angel, Han Huynh, Andy Gaspar-Gonzalez, and Andy Cameron. "Roguelike Deckbuilder". Our team is developing a deckbuilding combat game, where cards in the player's deck represent actions in battle against computer-controlled enemies. To differentiate ourselves from other games in this genre, the card actions in our game are dependent on personality traits assigned to the in-game character.

Abstract 25: Anthony Mao, Adam Loepker, Wendy Arenas Rosas, Gerry Summers, Manxi Muhirwa, Sabina Salimova and Andy Cameron. "Traymate". Traymate is an app that is designed to simplify meal planning in elderly care facilities. It uses AI to make personalized recommendations based on residents' specific dietary needs.

Abstract 26: Allie Miller, Kristen Lowe, Dawit Kelile, Shadman Shahzahan, Pedro Luiz Teixeira Andrade Ferreira and Andy Cameron. "TripSplit". TripSplit is a mobile app designed to simplify group expense tracking during trips. It allows friends traveling together to easily record shared expenses such as meals, transportation, lodging, and activities. The app automatically calculates how much each person owes and keeps real-time balances for the entire group. TripSplit also supports receipt scanning using AI, making it quick to capture expenses. With offline functionality and clear summaries, it helps avoid confusion, forgotten payments, and awkward conversations about money, ensuring that everyone pays their fair share at the end of the trip.

Abstract 27: Bria Tran, Jey Elongo, Abenezer Abraham, Yusuf Al-magusi, Yahya Ouchchen, Gaylon B. and Andy Cameron. "EVAIDE". Evaide is a secure digital platform designed to modernize how legal and security professionals manage case evidence. In high-stakes investigations, tracking physical and digital documents can be disorganized and slow. Evaide solves this by providing a centralized hub where users can upload evidence, such as chat logs or documents, and use intelligent automation to instantly extract key information. By utilizing advanced text-recognition technology (OCR), Evaide converts images into searchable data, allowing investigators to identify critical connections faster while maintaining the highest standards of data security and organizational transparency.

Abstract 28: Ethan Erickson, Alex Chan, Steven Nguyen, Frans Agapa, Thomas Robertson and Andy Cameron. "SEEKR". SEEKR is an AI-powered job tracking browser extension for real career momentum. SEEKR can organize your applications, autofill common fields using your resume information, and gamify the job search with periodic goals. SEEKR also provides personalized AI suggestions for short answer questions to assist in crafting the perfect response. SEEKR leverages these powerful tools directly in your browser, so that applicants can bring structure and motivation to their job search.

Abstract 29: Ryan Fecarotta, Dylan Beppu, Dorothy Prosser, Nahome Yohannes, Soludo Amaeze, Joshua Fechete and Andy Cameron. "Prets Allez". Prets Allez is an accurate, physics-based fencing simulation game. It is built off of the fundamentals of real olympic epee fencing. It is designed to be easily accessible to everyone, while providing a high skill ceiling.

Abstract 30: Sera Ozkan, David Lee, Miyu Nakamori, Shewit Yonas, Jeffery Kapioski, Jihoon Lim, Daniel Keene and Lin Liu. "Charge4Ward's SolUmbra." SolUmbra is a portable, solar-powered energy system designed to provide reliable electricity in off-grid and disaster relief situations. The system integrates deployable solar panels, battery storage, and multiple power outputs into a compact unit. The system includes automated panel positioning to maximize solar energy capture, along with indicators for the user. This project addresses the growing need for energy solutions in disaster response, community support, and outdoor applications. By combining renewable energy with practical design, SolUmbra aims to provide a dependable and sustainable power source and prioritizes ease of use and durability.

Abstract 31: Mustafa Kadhem, Bella Nowicki, Isaac Fuchs, Berkeley O'rullian, Anh Pham, Jihoon Lim, Lin Liu and Daniel Keene. "MECS". We are designing a rover to reduce traffic accidents in construction zones by removing workers from harm's way. Remote controlled rover built to fill the role of a traffic flagger. the rover will have 4 degrees of freedom robotic arm used to raise and lower the sign, LED screen used to quickly swap the message displayed to drivers, automatic swapping through use of an ultrasonic sensor and Simple controls utilizing switches and control dials.

Abstract 32: Cam Banis, Luca Benoit, Drew Fleming, Eleni Gebrehiwot, Thaddeus Ho and Jihoon Lim. "AeroVolt Ventus: Small Scale Airborne Wind Energy Generation Unit." The AeroVolt Ventus is a small scale airborne wind energy generator that utilizes a kite system to drive a motor and generate electricity for a user. The system utilizes a kite to fly a power pattern while pulling a spool attached to a generator, making electricity. The goal of this project is to make wind energy available to individuals for small-scale applications.

Abstract 33: Francesco De Lorenzo, Jacob Ray, Mohammed Alrabey, Hannah Yagen, Abdullah Ibraheem and Jihoon Lim. "Project Wayfinder". We are aiming to design a quadsensor digital mountaineering watch. The watch will have a compass, a temperature sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, and an inclinometer. These sensors will help people stay oriented and safe in rough mountain conditions.

Abstract 34: Julianna Garces, Faith Hamilton, Brigitte Fenton, Katie Butte, and Dale Cannavan. "Foot Anthropometrics and the influence of force production on different athletic domains". Our project focuses on three different athletic domains, ballet dancers and an active population. We focused on these populations because these populations experience a risk of injury in the lower extremities. Research that is conducted consists of analyzing, measuring, and determining foot structure/type along with common foot deviations. Force production is also analyzed in this project to seek correlations between foot type and how much force is produced. If a certain foot type allows exertion of more force.

Abstract 35: Brit Dalberg, Emma Jones, Gem Gatmaytan, Dale Cannavan and Katie Butte. "The Impact of Unilateral Motion on Sweep Rowers". Sweep rowing uses one side of the body, which might cause muscle imbalances over time. This study tested whether that cyclical motion leads to strength differences between sides. We measured muscle strength before and after a unique type of stretching to see if tightness or overuse is the cause, focusing on the glutes and hip flexibility.

Abstract 36: Christian Bendo, Jasung Kim, Dale Cannavan, and Katie Butte. "The Acute Effects of Intermittent Dynamic Stretching on Quadriceps Force Production". Dynamic stretching has been proven to increase workout performance, specifically in force production. Studies show static stretching is inferior to dynamic stretching when preparing an athlete for force production. The best hypothesis claims dynamic stretching increases muscle oxygen saturation when performed before a workout, which causes positive effects for at least five minutes. There has been little to no research on the effects on intermittent dynamic stretching within a workout. Therefore, our study will be focusing on the effects of dynamic stretching in-between sets. This research has value as greater force production during workout sessions would result in greater muscle adaptations for greater performance overall.

Abstract 37: Ava Fitzenrider, Dale Cannavan, and Katie Butte. "Slouching Towards Inefficiency? The Cardiometabolic and Cognitive Costs of Poor Posture". Posture is both static and dynamic, adapting continuously to environmental demands. During computer use, individuals commonly adopt a slouched posture, which can contribute to dis-ease within the body. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of slouching on metabolism, as well as on the ability to maintain focus. With implications for improving both productivity and quality of life, the findings of this study aim to enhance understanding of the physiological and cognitive consequences of sitting posture.

Abstract 38: Jameil Quilantang, Ebenezer Mesfin, Katie Butte, and Dale Canavan. "The relationship between sleep and balance in collegiate athletes and other active students". Sleep and balance can alter an athlete's performance in many ways. Thus, we decided to examine the relationship between to sleep and balance to find out if there is any significant relationship between the two variables. We examined sleep by having participants wear an apple watch to sleep and then the next day testing their balance. Balance was tested via the Balance Tracking System (BTRACKS) which allowed us to collect a participant's data on sway. We then used the single leg balance test with eyes open and closed to give more data on balance. With these tests we will determine the relationship between the two variables.

Abstract 39: Alexis Arredondo, Katie Butte, and Dale Cannavan. "Exploring the Psychophysiological Aspects underlying Muscle Fatigue: A Mixed-Methods Study". The purpose of this study is to better understand the interrelationship between physical exertion and mental fatigue during intense exercise. Specifically, this study aims to explore how thoughts, motivation, and perceived effort relate to physical signs of fatigue during maximal treadmill running. Participants will be asked to perform a standardized maximum graded exercise test. This test is safe to perform and is even conducted on patients with heart disease.  In addition to collecting physiological metabolic markers (oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production and heart rate) during the test, psychological fatigue markers will be collected in the form of rate of perceived exertion (this is a common tool that is used in combination with a maximal run test). Furthermore, to better understand the mental experiences of fatigue, participants will complete a short self-efficacy questionnaire and take part in brief interviews before and after the exercise test. These qualitative measures allow participants to describe their thoughts, motivation, and perceptions of effort in their own words.By combining physiological measurements with psychological responses, this study aims to provide clarity on the interactions of physical and mental fatigue patterns during maximal exercise.

Abstract 40: Kingston Christie, Ainsley Phillips, Katie Butte, Dale Cannavan, and Jarrett Mentink. "Working Out Your Self-Esteem: Strength Gains and Their Influence On Self-Esteem". The purpose of this study is to measure the effects of a 4-week resistance training intervention on self-esteem and physical self-concept among undergraduate students between the ages of 18 and 40. Specifically, we will examine the relationship between measured strength gains, assessed via performance on major compound movements, and changes in self-esteem and physical self-concept scores.

Abstract 41: Anna Y. Kozyrev, Karis S. Park, Jordan J. Timmers and Baine B. Craft. "From Animals to Humans: Evaluating the Generality of Risk-Sensitive Foraging Theory". Risk-Sensitive Foraging Theory (RSF) has been widely used to predict and explain nonhuman animal decision-making in situations where access to food is variable or risky. However, relatively few studies have examined whether RSF generalizes to human decision-making in comparable contexts. Further research is needed to determine how variability in reward magnitude and delay influences human risk sensitivity. This study will use software-based foraging tasks that simulate animal conditions to test RSF’s generality in humans. We hypothesize that participants will show greater risk sensitivity when both reward magnitude and delay are variable.

Abstract 42: Keighlee Bunker, Emily J. Perez, Yuliana Rincon-Cruz and Baine B. Craft. "Scent of Danger: How Predator Cues Disrupt Deer Foraging Behavior". Past studies show that mainland deer are sensitive to predator cues, which alter their foraging patterns. This study investigates the foraging behavior of black-tailed deer on Blakely Island, where natural predators are absent. To examine perceived predation risk, feeding patches were distributed across the island with non-predator (cow) and predator (wolf) urine cues. Motion-sensitive cameras recorded deer responses, including time spent at patches, foraging behavior, and risk-related behaviors. We hypothesize that deer on Blakely Island will exhibit similar responses to wolf urine despite the absence of current predation pressure.

Abstract 43: Aaron Lee and Bethany Hoff. "The Importance of University Traditions on University Engagement". University engagement has been shown to foster sense of belonging and positive student outcomes. We surveyed 505 alumni to examine the ways participation in university traditions influences student outcomes. Analyses reveled several key findings. First, number of traditions alumni participated in emerged as a key predictor multiple positive outcomes. Second, some traditions mattered more than others - traditions focused on marking the entrance to or exit from the university, as well as community building traditions were the most supportive of positive student outcomes.

Abstract 44: Jasmine Bowles and Bethany F. Hoff. "Testing the Christian university belonging scale: Revising from target population feedback". This study explored whether feedback from a scale’s target population can improve its psychometric qualities. We developed a psychological  scale of Christian University Belonging, defined as feelings of being accepted, valued, engaged and connected in direct association with the faith-integration of a Christian university. Three studies were used. First, we collected and analyzed quantitative data (n=55) on the 14-item scale and reduced the number of items. Second, we collected and analyzed qualitative data (n=7) on the 6-item version to revise the scale into an 8-item version. Third, we are currently collecting quantitative data to compare the 6-item and 8-item versions to see whether participants' qualitative feedback improved the scale. Full results and implications will be discussed.

Abstract 45: Roxy Photenhauer and Bethany Hoff. "Cell-phone use, Classroom Engagement, and Self Control". This experimental quantitative study explores the tension between digital connectivity and classroom learning. More specifically, we explored the academic and engagement outcomes of students based on their smartphone and laptop use. Participants engaged in "no-tech" and "tech-as-usual" psychology course sections. Data collection is ongoing, but nearly complete. Our team will compare learning and engagement scores between the two classes to determine whether students perform better with or without technology in the classroom, and whether temperance supports students regardless of their digital environment. Data will be collected, analyzed, and presented. Results and implications will be discussed.

Abstract 46: Eileen Chen, Luciana Schaefer, Bethany F. Hoff and Paul Youngbin Kim. "Feeling Known: racial microaggressions, religious coping, and belongingness certainty/uncertainty in Asian Americans". Research shows Asian American students at religious universities experience racial microaggressions. This study examined relationships among racial microaggressions, religious coping, belongingness, and mental health for Asian American students on a Christian campus. Qualitative and quantitative survey data was collected from 62 university students across gender identities, sex, class status, SES, and Asian ethnicity. Results indicated that religious coping was not a strong mediator between RMCC and belongingness. However, qualitative responses suggested religiosity remained a central theme, indicating that on Christian campuses, religiosity may shape how racial microaggressions are perceived and processed. Conclusions and implications will be discussed.

Abstract 47: Evette Amurao, Gracelyn Pen and Paul Youngbin Kim. "Redemptive Gratitude as a Chronic Pain Intervention". This presentation will describe the methodology and rationale of our development of an online gratitude intervention for chronic pain (pain that persists for longer than 3-6 months, and affects around 20% of people worldwide). Gratitude is an appreciation for goodness in life, typically outside oneself, and has been found to improve chronic pain symptoms. The intervention features four individuals who were asked to reflect on their chronic pain and find gratitude within past difficulties. We will also share initial themes that emerged from the interviews and how they will be used as an intervention in the U.S. and South Korea.

Abstract 48: Amanda Alben, Madyson Benthin, Rebecca Howell and Phillip Baker. "Comparison of brain regions by volume across mainland and island Blacktail deer populations". Mainland and island populations of Black-Tail deer have significantly different brain volumes as measured in previous studies. Specifically, island deer have smaller brains. The aim of this study is determined whether those differences are concentrated in particular areas of the brain associated with predator detection and avoidance, since the San Juan Islands are devoid of predators and have been for roughly 200 years. Our poster introduces a proposal for the method of conducting a volumetric analysis of particular brain regions rather than the whole brain.

Abstract 49: Marissa Wendland, Elysia Whichard and Phillip Baker. "The Influence of Housing, Diet, and Sex on Neuroinflammation in Adolescent Rats". This study investigates the role of social isolation, high-fat diet, and sex-dependent differences on neuroinflammation within limbic and subcortical regions of 32 adolescent rats. With confocal microscopy, we examined the presence of microglia and astrocytes using GFAP and IBA1 immunofluorescent stains. Our current findings demonstrate that astrocytic expression is higher in the group-housed condition, specifically within the Amygdala and Ventromedial Hypothalamus. Alongside this, we observed interactions among housing, food, and sex within Hippocampal microglia.

Abstract 50: Angelina Uesonoda and Piljoo Kang. "The Role of Schooling in White Privilege Awareness". This study explores how schooling shapes White individuals’ understanding of White privilege and identity. Using semi-structured interviews with college students from two different college campuses, I examine how experiences in public versus private and more or less diverse schools influence awareness of social inequality. Responses were analyzed using qualitative methods to identify common themes. Findings suggest that exposure to diversity and open conversations about race can deepen understanding, while limited discussion lead to confusion or discomfort. This project highlights the important role education plays in shaping how people recognize privilege and engage with identity and inequality.

Abstract 51: Joyce Kim and Piljoo Kang. "White Guilt as Powerlessness or Motivation for Learning". For many White individuals, recognizing their racial privilege carries significant emotional costs, as the resulting guilt can feel threatening to a positive self-image (Adams, 2015; Grzanka, Frantell, & Fassinger, 2020). We conducted semi-structured interviews with 60 emerging adults at two liberal arts colleges (Southeast, n = 36; Pacific Northwest, n = 24). Participants who described “White guilt” (sadness or shame from recognizing unearned advantage) frequently reported increased motivation for becoming more culturally sensitive, examining their biases, and learning about White identity. Alternatively, participants with indifference or defensive discomfort experienced guilt as externally imposed for historical and structural injustices they felt powerless to change.